Hypoglycaemia can be a consequence of vomiting, more commonly in younger children
Targeted investigation is directed by likely differential diagnoses. If you are unsure consult with a senior clinician bulging fontanelle may be a sign of raised intracranial pressureġ1 mmol/L): most well children with isolated vomiting do not require any other investigations. altered conscious state and/or abnormal neurological examination may suggest intracranial pathology. 
examination of testes for torsion, particularly in adolescent boys. 
“tinkling” high-pitched or absent of bowel sounds may suggest gastrointestinal obstruction.abdominal distension could suggest acute abdomen or bowel obstruction (ask parent if abdomen changed in appearance).Other factors such as toxin ingestion/drug use, eating disorder, pregnancy Previous history of previous GIT obstruction or surgery Swallowed blood (eg epistaxis, or in neonate from maternal blood due to delivery or nipple trauma)Ībdominal distension and tenderness, “tinkling”/absence of bowel sounds Symptoms and signs associated with possible diagnoses (table below is not an exhaustive list and presentations can overlap) Nature of vomiting Early morning vomiting and headache may be due to raised intracranial pressure.Using a visual aid to clarify vomitus colour with families is helpful Bilious vomiting occurs when there is a gastrointestinal obstruction.Infection is the most common cause of acute vomiting.Vomiting is a common and non-specific symptom, not a diagnosis.Ondansetron can be used for symptomatic relief, however cessation of vomiting does not exclude a serious cause.Intracranial causes eg non-accidental injury (NAI), should always be considered.In a vomiting child without diarrhoea, consider causes other than gastroenteritis.Bilious (dark green) vomiting is due to a gastrointestinal obstruction until proven otherwise, and requires urgent surgical referral.Since the condition is quite normal, it is best to stay calm and figure out the reason behind it, while never hesitating to contact the doctor when required.
#Baby projectile vomiting how to#
Knowing why your baby might be throwing up milk or mucus is just as important as knowing how to solve it. Take your child to the hospital if the vomiting is uncontrollable and repetitive, since having fallen down. Your infant may have suffered a concussion (minor or major) and the body might be reacting to it by vomiting.
If your baby was not vomiting earlier (at least, not frequently) but has started doing so after having fallen down or after an injury that seemed minor, this could be a cause for concern, for sure. In any case, it would be best if this was examined by the doctor. 
It could also indicate a blockage in the intestines or other issues in the digestive tract. This is quite similar to the existence of gas in the stomach or even other substances. Touching the abdomen might even make you aware of its tenderness.
In some cases, you might find that your infant’s abdomen tends to look swollen on the outside. Severe pain following a vomiting session could indicate the presence of blocked bowels, or an intestinal situation that needs quick and urgent medical attention. However, if your baby cries uncontrollably and seems to be in pain after he has vomited, you need to take him to the doctor immediately. Most babies tend to vomit out milk and seem to calm down or just act indifferent about it. If it is found to contain bile, then it could indicate the presence of an obstruction in the intestine, which will need proper medical attention. However, if the blood has a dark brown colour, your doctor may ask for a sample and send it for examination. In a few cases, forceful vomiting or repetitive vomiting could lead to the inflammation of the oesophagus tissue, causing it to bleed internally. This blood could stem from an injury in his mouth, which caused him to swallow the blood earlier. At times, you may notice the vomit of the baby might seem to contain traces of blood, or may even have blood in substantial quantities. Saline drops can be used to thin the mucus. If it finds its way into the lungs, that can be quite fatal and might need to be removed by use of an aspirator. This can then be inhaled accidentally and cause the baby to choke on it, leading to breathing difficulty and further complications. Clinically the disorder is characterized by projectile vomiting, visible gastric peristalsis, and a palpable pyloric tumor (summary by Everett et al. It typically presents in infants 2 to 6 weeks after birth. While most vomited mucus has the same consistency as that of milk, there might be a situation when the mucus is quite thick. Infantile pyloric stenosis is the most common condition requiring surgical intervention in the first year of life.
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